朗木 发表于 2008-1-23 11:36:00

京西墓葬文化浅谈(老山汉墓篇)

<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-para-margin-left: 2.0gd;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">京西墓葬文化浅谈(老山汉墓篇)</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; mso-para-margin-left: 2.0gd;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-para-margin-left: 2.0gd;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">以“京西墓葬文化”为题本身就是很宽范的<span lang="EN-US">.</span>在地域选择上<span lang="EN-US">,</span>我选择了京西,主要是其交通便利<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是春夏秋冬外出郊游的首选<span lang="EN-US">.</span>这里谈到的京西并不是北京西部的统称<span lang="EN-US">,</span>主要是指公共交通所能及的京西近郊——门头沟区周边及石景山一带<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-para-margin-left: 2.0gd;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">综合以上“天时<span lang="EN-US">,</span>地利<span lang="EN-US">,</span>人和”的特点<span lang="EN-US">,</span>我选取了老山汉墓、田义墓、谭鑫培墓、周自齐墓、万佛堂名人墓、八宝山任弼时墓等作为此次分析的范点<span lang="EN-US">,</span>依形成的时间顺序进行介绍<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">一<span lang="EN-US">. </span>不了了之的重大发现——老山汉墓<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">老山汉墓位于石景山区老山驾校环型公路东南段路北山坡上<span lang="EN-US">.</span>紧临西长安街<span lang="EN-US">,</span>东边是八宝山人民公墓<span lang="EN-US">,</span>西边是奥运会自行车馆<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">1999</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">年底在公安部门破获的一起盗掘古墓案的同时<span lang="EN-US">,</span>揭开了继十三陵<span lang="EN-US">(1956)</span>和大葆台汉墓<span lang="EN-US">(1974)</span>以后北京市考古历史上的第三次重大发现<span lang="EN-US">,</span>即老山汉墓的集中性考古发掘<span lang="EN-US">.</span>在得到北京市政府批准后<span lang="EN-US">,</span>老山汉墓于<span lang="EN-US">2000</span>年进行了集中性的发掘<span lang="EN-US">.</span>随着现代化的金属拱棚的搭起<span lang="EN-US">,</span>老山汉墓的挖掘工作将进入室内阶段<span lang="EN-US">.</span>高<span lang="EN-US">9</span>米、跨度<span lang="EN-US">36</span>米的金属拱棚清楚的“定义”了老山汉墓的范围<span lang="EN-US">.</span>采用国内最先进的轻型“金属拱型波纹屋顶”<span lang="EN-US">,</span>在采光上利用两侧<span lang="EN-US">45</span>度的采光窗<span lang="EN-US">,</span>方便的解决了发掘过程中的采光问题<span lang="EN-US">(</span>见图<span lang="EN-US">).<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">2000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">年<span lang="EN-US">8</span>月<span lang="EN-US">20</span>日起,老山汉墓的发掘进入核心部分<span lang="EN-US">(</span>见图<span lang="EN-US">),</span>一时间成为这个夏天北京百姓闲聊和关注的话题<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">随着大墓被揭开<span lang="EN-US">,</span>汉墓中的随藏品现世<span lang="EN-US">,</span>墓主人也揭开了其神秘的面纱<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">时间迈进<span lang="EN-US">2004</span>年<span lang="EN-US">.2004</span>年<span lang="EN-US">10</span>月<span lang="EN-US">23</span>日<span lang="EN-US">,</span>长春市吉林大学边疆考古研究中心采用三维复原成像技术<span lang="EN-US">,</span>复原了北京老山汉墓女尸头像<span lang="EN-US">(</span>见图<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><i><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">老山汉墓由墓道、甬道、椁室、黄肠题凑、内、外回廊组成。墓室呈长方形,可分为前、后室,南北长<span lang="EN-US">16</span>米,东西宽<span lang="EN-US">13</span>米。出土了漆案、丝织品等一批珍贵文物。老山汉墓是近<span lang="EN-US">20</span>年来北京地区重大考古发现之一,具有很高的历史、文物、考古价值。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>见图<span lang="EN-US">)<p></p></span></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></b><b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">何为“黄肠题凑”?<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">所谓“黄肠”指堆垒在棺椁外的黄心柏木枋,“题凑”指木枋的头一律向内排列。“黄肠题凑”指西汉帝王陵寝椁室四周用柏木枋堆垒成的框形结构。“黄肠题凑”一名最初见于《汉书·霍光传》,根据汉代礼制,黄肠题凑与玉衣、梓宫、便房、外藏椁同属帝王陵墓中的重要组成部分。但经朝廷特赐,个别勋臣贵戚也可使用。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">墓主另有其人<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">老山汉墓的发掘已初步证实<span lang="EN-US">,</span>老山汉墓确系西汉时期的诸侯王墓<span lang="EN-US">.</span>但墓主人究竟是谁?这始终是考古专家们的第一个谜。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">据专家分析,<span lang="EN-US">12</span>位燕王中除去已知去向的八位燕王墓外,老山汉墓的主人最有可能是<b>燕敬王刘泽、燕剌王刘旦、广阳穆王刘舜及广阳思王刘璜</b>。著名文物考古专家赵其昌老先生曾作出推测,墓主最有可能为汉武帝之子——燕刺王刘旦。徐萍芳则认为老山汉墓不可能是刘旦之墓。因为郦道元在《水经注·湿余水》中明确记载“首受湿水于戾陵堰,水北有梁山,山有燕刺王旦之陵,故以戾陵名堰。”据同书下文,戾陵堰为魏齐王芳嘉平二年(公元<span lang="EN-US">250</span>年)征北将军刘靖督军士所建。由于魏距汉时代未远,而郦道元距魏又不远,所以《水经注》所记,应当可信。北大历史地理学家侯仁之先生论定《水经注》之梁山即今之石景山,而老山距石景山尚有距离;而堰只能做在山口。老山则是拔地而起,不具备做堰的条件,所以刘旦墓不可能在老山。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">又《北京晚报》<span lang="EN-US">2000</span>年<span lang="EN-US">3</span>月<span lang="EN-US">18</span>日第<span lang="EN-US">7</span>版“<b>老山汉墓引发三大悬念</b>”一文认为,该墓墓主既不是先后被贬的燕王臧荼、卢绾和广阳王刘嘉,也不是先后被杀头的燕王吕通、刘定国和燕剌王刘旦,更不是已发现墓在丰台区大葆台的广阳顷王刘建和据载墓曾在西琉璃厂南侧的燕灵王刘建,而很可能是剩余的燕敬王刘泽,燕康王刘嘉、广阳穆王刘舜和广阳思王刘璜<span lang="EN-US">4</span>人中的某一位。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p><table class="MsoNormalTable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN: auto auto auto 10.5pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext;"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 22.7pt;"><td width="91" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">姓名<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p></td><td width="264" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">在位时间<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p></td><td width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 90pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">世系<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p></td><td width="60" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">郡国<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 22.7pt;"><td width="91" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">燕敬王刘泽<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="264" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">文帝前元元年至二年(前<span lang="EN-US">179</span>—前<span lang="EN-US">178</span>)<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 90pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">刘邦从祖昆弟,父、祖未详<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="60" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">燕国<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 22.7pt;"><td width="91" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">燕康王刘嘉<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="264" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">文帝前元三年至景帝前元五年(前<span lang="EN-US">177</span>—前<span lang="EN-US">152</span>)<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 90pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">刘璜之子,王莽时废<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="60" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">燕国<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 22.7pt;"><td width="91" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">广阳穆王刘舜<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="264" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">元帝初元五年至成帝阳朔元年(前<span lang="EN-US">44</span>—前<span lang="EN-US">24</span>)<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 90pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">刘建之子<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="60" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">广阳国<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 22.7pt; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td width="91" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">广阳思王刘璜<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="264" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 198pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">成帝阳朔二年至哀帝建平四年(前<span lang="EN-US">23</span>—前<span lang="EN-US">3</span>)<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="120" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 90pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">刘舜之子<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td><td width="60" style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">广阳国<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">网友称汉墓中曾出土一对耳环<span lang="EN-US">,</span>有<span lang="EN-US">X</span>阳宫字样<span lang="EN-US">,</span>所以墓主系广阳穆王刘舜或广阳思王刘璜的王妃可能性较大<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">墓旁还有王墓<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">两位到过发掘现场的著名文物专家徐苹芳、俞伟超经考察认为,按照西汉时期的葬制,老山西汉陵墓旁边还有另一座规模相当的王墓。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">原中国社会科学院考古所所长徐苹芳老先生认为。西汉时,皇帝和诸侯王与后、妃都是同茔不同葬。这种形制到东汉时期就改变了。像我们已发掘的北京大葆台汉墓、满城汉墓及长沙马王堆汉墓都是夫妇并穴合葬。既然已确认老山汉墓是西汉陵墓,按常规在其附近肯定另有一座规模相当的大墓。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></b><b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">短暂开放<span lang="EN-US">,</span>发掘不了了之<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">在经历了<span lang="EN-US">10</span>个月风风雨雨的集中性考古发掘后<span lang="EN-US">,</span>北京老山汉墓于<span lang="EN-US">2000</span>年<span lang="EN-US">9</span>月<span lang="EN-US">15</span>日正式对外开放<span lang="EN-US">.</span>这种“边挖掘边开放”的方式在北京考古工作历史上还属首次<span lang="EN-US">,</span>以二<span lang="EN-US">,</span>三十元的价格亲身接触考古现场还是件新鲜事<span lang="EN-US">,</span>而要更近距离的进入大棚接触就得八十了<span lang="EN-US">.</span>但好景不长<span lang="EN-US">,</span>老山汉墓很快停止了开放<span lang="EN-US">,</span>考古人员撤离了现场<span lang="EN-US">,</span>留给我们的却是未解之谜<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">推荐汉墓<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; tab-stops: list 42.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">湖北长沙马王堆汉墓<span lang="EN-US">(</span>汉侯利苍之妻<span lang="EN-US">),1972-1974</span>年发掘<span lang="EN-US">,</span>出土帛书《五十二病方》等<span lang="EN-US">,</span>现已迁至湖北博物馆<span lang="EN-US">;<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; tab-stops: list 42.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">保定满城汉墓<span lang="EN-US">(</span>刘胜夫人窦绾墓<span lang="EN-US">),1968</span>年郭沫若先生亲临指导发掘<span lang="EN-US">,</span>出土“金缕玉衣”<span lang="EN-US">,</span>“长信宫灯”等<span lang="EN-US">;<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; tab-stops: list 42.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">北京丰台大葆台汉墓<span lang="EN-US">(</span>西汉广阳顷王刘建<span lang="EN-US">),1974-1975</span>年发掘<span lang="EN-US">,1983</span>年对外开放<span lang="EN-US">.<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p></p>

风间铃音 发表于 2008-1-23 17:45:00

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>瞌睡虫</i>在2008-1-23 15:23:14的发言:</b><br/><p>这个墓应该是下葬几天就被盗了</p><p>因为墓主在墓室门口,这是为什么呢?</p><p>就是因为墓主人尸体尚完好,被拖出去剥光全身的物品,而另一部分盗墓贼在翻动棺椁。</p><p>被捉那几个贼晚下手2000年。</p></div><p></p>晚下手2000年啊,哈哈,我想起了南派三叔,不过应该是北派干的吧,不过算起来那时还没有摸金的。

宿城小雪 发表于 2008-1-23 15:19:00

<p>也不是什么谜,基本清理完毕了,早年被盗,没什么有价值的东西了。</p><p>那几个盗墓贼成功了都是赔本买卖</p>

宿城小雪 发表于 2008-1-23 15:23:00

<p>这个墓应该是下葬几天就被盗了</p><p>因为墓主在墓室门口,这是为什么呢?</p><p>就是因为墓主人尸体尚完好,被拖出去剥光全身的物品,而另一部分盗墓贼在翻动棺椁。</p><p>被捉那几个贼晚下手2000年。</p>

宿城小雪 发表于 2008-1-23 15:18:00

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>朗木</i>在2008-1-23 11:36:29的言:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">……长春市吉林大学边疆考古研究中心采用三维复原成像技术<span lang="EN-US">,</span>复原了北京老山汉墓女尸头像……</span></div><p>虫大人对这个地方很熟!!</p>

朗木 发表于 2008-1-23 11:42:00

附图II组

<p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2008-1/200812311422013379.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /></p><p><br/>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2008-1/200812311422894678.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /></p><p><br/>&nbsp;</p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2008-1/200812311423744158.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>

朗木 发表于 2008-1-23 11:39:00

附图

<p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2008-1/20081231138780909.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2008-1/200812311384210882.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2008-1/20081231139075427.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /></p><p><br/><img src="http://img.obj.cc/forum/dvbbs/2008-1/20081231139631229.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/></p>

宿城小雪 发表于 2009-9-13 12:04:00

<p>就是黄肠题凑。发掘的那一天是周末,中央电视台直播了的,没人看过吗?</p>
<p>那一天我是看了电视直播发掘的。</p>

油油 发表于 2009-9-8 00:36:00

应该是黄肠题凑式。。。。和扬州的一样,扬州的墓主是老山的侄子。。如果我没记错的话。。刘胥

houlei_001 发表于 2009-9-7 11:34:00

湖南长沙马王堆汉墓,汉侯利苍,我们姓侯的,哈哈

明月清风 发表于 2009-9-7 12:14:00

<p>所谓“墓地被盗,已无价值”的说法正暴露了当代考古学的软肋,同时这也是一种最容易被接受的宣传用语。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>现代考古学本身就是一种合理合法的盗墓,不管用什么理由遮掩,在大部分考古人士的眼里,越是有宝贝疙瘩出土的墓地才越有价值。像现在搞的那种“考古与发现”的展览,顶多也就是展示一些宝贝疙瘩,炫炫富,卖卖老。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>曾经去过几个著名的考古遗址,比如像仰韶、大汶口这些在教科书上很有名气的地方,当地博物馆那个寒酸破旧就甭提了,有的就像路边一临时建筑,出土的那些“好东西”早都被省博物馆“盘剥”一空,你一问这里为什么这么破啊,就说资金不足云云。一个考古遗址的价值和名气等于出土“好东西”的多少,一个考古遗址的人气和收入等同于展览“好东西”的多少,这真是挺悲哀的。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>再看很多著名考古遗址,原址都不见了踪影,乡下的遗址很多建了水库公路或者被废弃,城里的遗址大部分盖了楼盘地铁。虽然有关人士声称已经都拍照留影了,但拍照留影能等同于原址吗?实际上,原址的价值不但比图像有价值,就是比那些出土的宝贝疙瘩也不知道要大多少倍!这就好比说,要把一个老院子拆了把住的人赶走,先给老院子照个相然后把院子里的金银细软石雕木雕都拿走,然后一拆一赶,还说“没事,精华都留着呢”,这不是很荒谬嘛?--阳宅阴宅同理。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>咱也不说都保留吧,但现在看,好像是都不保留。有些遗址完全没必要被破坏掉,却是硬生生被开发掉了,理由是“已无价值”……</p>

星城老陈 发表于 2009-9-5 09:38:00

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><span lang="EN-US">
<p></p></span></span>
<p></p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1">
<p><b>推荐汉墓
<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"></b>
<p></p>
<p>ü&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 湖北长沙马王堆汉墓(汉侯利苍之妻),1972-1974年发掘,出土帛书《五十二病方》等,现已迁至湖北博物馆;
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p>ü&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 保定满城汉墓(刘胜夫人窦绾墓),1968年郭沫若先生亲临指导发掘,出土“金缕玉衣”,“长信宫灯”等;
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p>ü&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 北京丰台大葆台汉墓(西汉广阳顷王刘建),1974-1975年发掘,1983年对外开放.
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<p>&nbsp; 湖南长沙马王堆汉墓(汉侯利苍之妻),1972-1974年发掘,出土帛书《五十二病方》等,现已迁至湖南省博物馆;
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依然痱子哥 发表于 2013-12-27 23:19:25

服了,长沙在湖北??......{:soso_e110:}
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